{"id":4072,"date":"2023-07-20T12:25:01","date_gmt":"2023-07-20T12:25:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.yvar-bregeant.com\/the-symbolism-of-the-auroch-or-bison\/"},"modified":"2024-01-03T19:21:26","modified_gmt":"2024-01-03T19:21:26","slug":"the-symbolism-of-the-auroch-or-bison","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.yvar-bregeant.com\/en\/the-symbolism-of-the-auroch-or-bison\/","title":{"rendered":"The symbolism of the Auroch or Bison"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"4072\" class=\"elementor elementor-4072 elementor-591\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3cab5e1 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"3cab5e1\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5431518 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"5431518\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/www.yvar-bregeant.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/09\/Le-symbolisme-du-bison-et-de-lauroch-VF-1.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Click here for the pdf version (french only)<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-6c11798 elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"6c11798\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p>Note: Unlike the HTML text below, the PDF version will allow you to : <\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>visualize proto-Sumerian ideograms<\/li>\n<li>better visualize the numbering of Sumerian homophones transliterated from cuneiform (their numbering index is placed at the bottom right and in a small format)<\/li>\n<li>visualize hieroglyphs and not just their transliterations<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-02e9381 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"02e9381\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-85ebca5 elementor-toc--minimized-on-tablet 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__header\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<h4 class=\"elementor-toc__header-title\">\n\t\t\t\tTable of contents\t\t\t<\/h4>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--expand\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__85ebca5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Open table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-down\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__toggle-button elementor-toc__toggle-button--collapse\" role=\"button\" tabindex=\"0\" aria-controls=\"elementor-toc__85ebca5\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-label=\"Close table of contents\"><i aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"fas fa-chevron-up\"><\/i><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-toc__85ebca5\" class=\"elementor-toc__body\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toc__spinner-container\">\n\t\t\t\t<i class=\"elementor-toc__spinner eicon-animation-spin eicon-loading\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i>\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-54fa11b elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"54fa11b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a1176bc elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"a1176bc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Preliminary note <\/span><\/h3>\n<p>For the time being, this analysis is limited to the etymological analysis, and has yet to include the various examples drawn from the comparative mythological analysis of the civilizational mythological variations of the two symbols studied.<\/p>\n<p>Note also that this analysis is repeated in Book 1 of Volume 2, &#8220;Deciphering the language of caves&#8221;, auroch and bison being major figures in cave sacred art.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-35b9c93 elementor-widget-divider--view-line elementor-widget elementor-widget-divider\" data-id=\"35b9c93\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"divider.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-divider\">\n\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-divider-separator\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fcf3dcc elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"fcf3dcc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h3><a name=\"_Toc136964878\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Symbolic equivalence of auroch and bison<\/span><\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>To understand this, we must first note that the bison is an animal of equal symbolic equivalence to the auroch, the wild bull.<\/p>\n<p>In Proto-Cuneiform, bison means <strong>alim <\/strong>with the ideographic sign <strong> <\/strong><a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\"><sup>[1]<\/sup><\/a><strong>. <\/strong> <\/p>\n<p>But,<strong> alim <\/strong>doesn&#8217;t just mean bison, but also a wild ram, an auroch, referring to the idea of a powerful<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><sup>[2]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>There is therefore a clear equivalence between the two.<\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s more, the term &#8220;mighty&#8221;, with which they are synonymous, was often used in ancient times to designate deities or kings, just as the Sumerian or Egyptian word &#8220;great&#8221; was a common epithet of divinity or royalty.<\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s not just a question of a simple animal&#8230;<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Meaning of alim<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>If we want to understand the deeper meaning of \u00ab <strong>alim \u00bb<\/strong> and who it refers to, just break it down.<\/p>\n<p>In Sumerian, &#8220;a&#8221; refers to the father.<\/p>\n<p>What remains to be seen is the meaning of <strong>lim<\/strong> :<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h5><a name=\"_Toc136964879\"><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>Meaning of lim<\/em><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Lim<\/strong> may be the contraction of <strong>li-im<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Or, <strong>li<\/strong><strong>9<\/strong><strong> <\/strong>means to sparkle, to shine<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\"><sup>[3]<\/sup><\/a> and <strong>l\u00ed <\/strong>an excellent oil<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\"><sup>[4]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>This is why <strong>su-lim<\/strong> means impressive brilliance or radiance, splendor (in Akkadian : \u0161alummatu, \u0161alummu)<sup><a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/sup>.<\/p>\n<p>The original meaning of <strong>su<\/strong> being the body, the flesh, the skin, the animal skin<a href=\"#_ftn6\" name=\"_ftnref6\"><sup>[6]<\/sup><\/a>, it&#8217;s <strong>lim<\/strong> which in <strong>su-lim<\/strong> gives it a radiant, splendid appearance, the usual attribute of the great divinity.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lim<\/strong> can also be the contraction of <strong>lu-im<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>But <strong>lu <\/strong>in Sumerian means a man, humans or a herd (note the constant Sumerian association between man and a herd animal) <sup><a href=\"#_ftn7\" name=\"_ftnref7\">[7]<\/a><\/sup>; <strong>l\u00fa<\/strong> designates an adult male<a href=\"#_ftn8\" name=\"_ftnref8\"><sup>[8]<\/sup><\/a> ; <strong>l\u00fa-u<\/strong><strong>18<\/strong> designates a human being and humanity in general<a href=\"#_ftn9\" name=\"_ftnref9\"><sup>[9]<\/sup><\/a> (echoing the recurring analogy between humans and herds of animals <strong>l\u00fa-u-um<\/strong><strong>18 <\/strong>is the name of a breed of small cattle<a href=\"#_ftn10\" name=\"_ftnref10\"><sup>[10]<\/sup><\/a>).<\/p>\n<p>As for <strong>im <\/strong>on its own, it means clay, loam, mud.<a href=\"#_ftn11\" name=\"_ftnref11\"><sup>[11]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Note in passing that <strong>im<\/strong> also means wind, direction, storm, rain<a href=\"#_ftn12\" name=\"_ftnref12\"><sup>[12]<\/sup><\/a> ; which sends us back \u00e0 <strong>tumu <\/strong>which means wind, a cardinal point, a direction<a href=\"#_ftn13\" name=\"_ftnref13\"><sup>[13]<\/sup><\/a> ; so there is equivalence between <strong>im<\/strong> and <strong>tumu <\/strong>; It is important to point this out, because it brings us back to the double meanings of the word father \u00ab <strong>a<\/strong> \u00bb since \u00ab <strong>a<\/strong> \u00bb designates a father, but also a flood<a href=\"#_ftn14\" name=\"_ftnref14\"><sup>[14]<\/sup><\/a>. <strong>tumu<\/strong> is also very important (we know why in Book 2, &#8220;From God to Adam&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p>Finally,<strong> im<\/strong> by <strong>\u00edm<\/strong> (equivalent to <strong>gim<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong>) also designates a runner, a trotter, a term that is mostly used for animals.<\/p>\n<p>So.., l<strong>im<\/strong> by <strong>li-im<\/strong> or <strong>lu-im<\/strong> expresses the idea of a grown man with a body made of clay and mud, who can be associated with an animal, whose body radiates splendor like a divinity and who is a father.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Lim<\/strong> is also to be compared with <strong>lum<\/strong> and to <strong>lam<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Let&#8217;s see what these two logograms tell us:<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><em>lim-lum association<\/em><\/span><\/h5>\n<p><strong>Lum<\/strong> can change into <strong>lim<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>We have an example with <strong>silim<\/strong> (to be, to make in good shape, good condition, in good health&#8230;) (the equivalent of the famous <strong>salem<\/strong> [paix] in Akkadian as in 18 of the 21 Semitic languages), which is the contraction of <strong>sil<\/strong><strong>5<\/strong>, &#8220;pleasure, joy&#8221; and <strong>lum<\/strong>, &#8220;grow&#8221;<a href=\"#_ftn15\" name=\"_ftnref15\"><sup>[15]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>We note that <strong>lum<\/strong> changes into <strong>lim<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>But, <strong>lum<\/strong> means being fertile, productivef<a href=\"#_ftn16\" name=\"_ftnref16\"><sup>[16]<\/sup><\/a> ; it is also manure, fertilizer; in its verbal sense, it essentially means to grow, luxuriantly. <strong>lum-ma<\/strong> is, for example, a fertile female<a href=\"#_ftn17\" name=\"_ftnref17\"><sup>[17]<\/sup><\/a><\/p>\n<p>We therefore understand that <strong>lim <\/strong>as equivalent to <strong>lum<\/strong> refers to a complete, healthy, fertile male, a reproductive sire, but also to fertilizer, manure, making it grow luxuriantly.<\/p>\n<p>We repeatedly observe that the primordial human father has been represented in ithyphallic form as a symbol of his character as a reproductive progenitor.<\/p>\n<p>We find him in the Lascaux cave in the scene in the well of the wounded man (or rather, the dead man), a mirror image of his own avatar, the bull facing him, also mortally wounded (with a hooked spear piercing his genitals). But I&#8217;ll come back to the meaning of this figure in volume 6 and book 1, dedicated to the analysis of the first megalithic temple, the cavern.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h5><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" name=\"_Toc136964881\"><\/a><em>Association lim-lum-lam<\/em><\/span><\/h5>\n<p>Note also the equivalence between <strong>lum<\/strong> and <strong>lam<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>lam<\/strong> designates both luxuriance and&#8230; the underworld. Its verb form also means to make grow or grow luxuriantly<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\"><sup>[18]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>l\u00e1ma, l\u00e1m<\/strong> designates the impressive power of a divinity, being the contraction of \u00ab <strong>la<\/strong> \u00bb, abundance&#8221; and \u00ab <strong>me<\/strong> \u00bb, \u00ab function, power \u00bb<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\"><sup>[19]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>lamma, l\u00e0ma<\/strong> designates a tutelary genius<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\"><sup>[20]<\/sup><\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Thus, through its equivalence with <strong>lam<\/strong>, <strong>lim<\/strong> designates a divine being endowed with abundant power, source of abundance and ruler of the underworld.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><a style=\"color: #000000;\" name=\"_Toc136964882\"><\/a>Conclusion on (Sumerian) etymology<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>Given that the bison is, like the auroch or the wild bull, a symbolic animal avatar of the primordial father, the fact that it is associated with the triple vertical line in Lascaux comes as no surprise, since it is ultimately a reiteration of the two signs of the auroch and the triple vertical line in the first panel of the unicorn, an association which, as we saw in Volume 2, Book 1, entitled &#8220;Deciphering the language of caves&#8221;, forms the &#8220;triple vertical line&#8221; of the first panel of the unicorn. <strong>name adam, adama or a-ku\/gu<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Thus, our &#8220;simple bison&#8221; is much more than he seems: he too is an animal representation, a divine avatar of the father, the powerful, radiant, adult man made of clay, the first progenitor father of mankind, source of fertility and god-king of the underworld.<\/p>\n<p>The fact that he is depicted in a cavern sanctuary, a subterranean place emblematic of the underworld, makes perfect sense.<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Footnotes : <\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> (CNIL, 1996?, p. 346)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> Alim : wild ram; bison; aurochs; powerful [gir3] sign per P. Steinkeller, (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 50) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais = alim = b\u00e9lier sauvage ; bison ; auroch ; puissant<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> <strong>li<\/strong><strong>9<\/strong>: to glisten, shine (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 12) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>li<\/strong><strong>9<\/strong> = scintiller, briller<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> <strong>\u00ec-l\u00ed<\/strong> : fine oil (jar) (&#8216;oil&#8217; + &#8216;true measure; fine oil&#8217;) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 103) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>l\u00ed<\/strong> = mesure exacte ; excellente huile<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> <strong>su-lim<\/strong> : awesome radiance, splendor (Akk. \u0161alummatu, \u0161alummu ) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 138) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>su-lim<\/strong> = nu \u00e9clat ou un rayonnement impressionnant ; splendeur (Akk. \u0161alummatu, \u0161alummu ).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> <strong>su<\/strong> : n., body ; flesh; skin; animal hide ; relatives; substitute (as verb, cf., <strong>si; sug<\/strong><strong>6<\/strong> or <strong>r\u00fag<\/strong>) adj., naked. (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 15) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>su<\/strong> = nouns: body, flesh, skin, animal hide; substitute, replacement (as a verb cf.., <strong>si; sug<\/strong><strong>6<\/strong> or <strong>r\u00fag<\/strong>)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> <strong>lu<\/strong> : n., many, much; man, men, people; sheep. v., to be\/make numerous, abundant; to multiply; to mix; to graze, pasture (reduplication class [?]) (cf., <strong>lug)<\/strong> (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 12) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>lu<\/strong> = beaucoup ; homme, humains, gens, peuple ; troupeau. Verbs: to make numerous, abundant; to multiply; to mix; to graze.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> <strong>l\u00fa<\/strong> : grown man; male; human being; someone, anyone, no one; gentleman (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 12) Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>l\u00fa<\/strong> = homme adulte ; m\u00e2le ; \u00eatre humain ; quelqu\u2019un, n\u2019importe qui, personne ; gentleman.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> <strong>l\u00fa-u<\/strong><strong>18[\u00d1I\u0160GAL]\u2013 (lu)<\/strong> : mankind; human being (&#8216;humans&#8217; + &#8216;huge&#8217; [ + &#8216;numerous&#8217;]) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 117) ; Cf Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien fran\u00e7ais : <strong>l\u00fa-u<\/strong><strong>18[\u00d1I\u0160GAL]-(lu)<\/strong> = humanit\u00e9 ; \u00eatre humain (humains + \u00e9norme + nombreux)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> <strong>l\u00fa-u-um<\/strong><strong>18 <\/strong>: name of a breed of small cattle (possible Semitic loanword) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 117) ; Cf Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien fran\u00e7ais : <strong>l\u00fa-u-um<\/strong><strong>18 <\/strong>: nom d\u2019une race de petit b\u00e9tail (possible emprunt s\u00e9mitique).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> <strong> imi, im, em<\/strong> : clay, loam, mud ; tablet (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 15) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>imi, im, em<\/strong> = argile, glaise, boue<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> <strong>imi, im, em<\/strong> : wind; direction; weather; storm; cloud; rain (cf. <strong>tumu<\/strong>). (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 15) ; Volume 4 \/ Sumerian-French lexicon : <strong>imi, im, em<\/strong> = wind, direction, climate, storm, cloud, rain (see <strong>tumu<\/strong>).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> <strong>tumu, tum<\/strong><strong>9<\/strong><strong>, tu<\/strong><strong>15<\/strong> : wind; cardinal point, direction (ta, &#8216;from&#8217;, + m\u00fa, &#8216;to blow&#8217;). (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 36); Volume 4 \/ Sumerian-French lexicon : <strong>tumu, tum<\/strong><strong>9<\/strong><strong>, tu<\/strong><strong>15<\/strong> wind; cardinal point; direction (<strong>ta<\/strong> \u00ab from \u00bb, + <strong>m\u00fa<\/strong> \u00ab blow \u00bb).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> <strong>a, e<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong> = noun. : water; watercourse, canal; seminal fluid; offspring; <strong>father<\/strong>; tears; flood (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 3) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>a<\/strong><strong>, e<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong> = au nominatif = eau, cours d\u2019eau, canal, fluide s\u00e9minal, descendance, <strong>p\u00e8re<\/strong>, larmes, inondation ou d\u00e9luge.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> <strong>silim [DI]<\/strong> : to be\/make in good shape, healthy, complete (usually considered Akk. loanword, root means &#8216;peace&#8217; in 18 of 21 Semitic languages, but Sumerians used word in greeting and root not in Orel &amp; Stolbova&#8217;s Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary; cf., <strong>sil<\/strong><strong>4<\/strong>, &#8216;pleasure, joy&#8217;, + <strong>lum<\/strong>, &#8216;to grow luxuriantly&#8217;). (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 65) ; Volume 4 \/ Sumerian-French lexicon :<u><strong>silim <\/strong><\/u> <strong>[DI]<\/strong> = to be, to make fit, good condition, healthy, complete (generally considered a borrowing from an Akkadian root meaning &#8220;peace&#8221; in 18 of 21 Semitic languages, but Sumerians used this word in greeting and this root is not in Orel &amp; Stolbova&#8217;s Hamito-Semitic Etymological Dictionary; see <strong><u>sil<\/u><\/strong><strong>5<\/strong>, \u00ab pleasure, joy \u00bb + <strong><u>lum<\/u><\/strong>, \u00ab grow \u00bb<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> <strong>lum<\/strong> : n., fertilizer, manure; cloud ; v., to be satiated, full; to soften, soak; to grow luxuriantly; to be fertile, productive; to make productive; to bear fruit (abundance + grass, plant + to be, behave). (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 35) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>lum<\/strong> = fertilizer, manure; cloud. Verbs: to be satiated, full; to soften, soften; to soak, soak in; to grow luxuriantly; to be fertile, productive; to bear fruit (abundance + grass, plant + be, behave, conduct).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> <strong>lum-ma<\/strong> : a fecund female (&#8216;to be fertile, productive&#8217; + nominative) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 117) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>lum-ma<\/strong> = une femelle f\u00e9conde (\u00ab \u00eatre fertile, productive + nominatif).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> <strong>lam<\/strong> : n., abundance, luxuriance; almond tree; netherworld ; v., to grow luxuriantly; to make grow luxuriantly (<strong>la<\/strong>, &#8216;abundance&#8217; + to be) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 34) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>lam<\/strong> = noms : abondance, luxuriance ; amandier ; les enfers ou le monde souterrain ; Verbes : faire cro\u00eetre ou cro\u00eetre de mani\u00e8re luxuriante ; (<strong>la<\/strong>, \u00ab abondance \u00bb + \u00eatre).<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> <strong>l\u00e1ma, l\u00e1m<\/strong> : an awe-inspiring quality (la, &#8216;abundance&#8217; + me, &#8216;function, power&#8217;) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 35) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>l\u00e1ma, l\u00e1m<\/strong> = une qualit\u00e9 ou caract\u00e9ristique impressionnante (<strong>la<\/strong>, \u00ab abondance \u00bb + <strong>me<\/strong>, \u00ab fonction, pouvoir \u00bb)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> <strong>lamma, l\u00e0ma<\/strong> : a female spirit of good fortune; tutelary genius (lam, &#8216;to make grow luxuriantly&#8217;, + <strong>a<\/strong>, nominative suffix) (A.Halloran, 1999, p. 35) ; Volume 4 \/ Lexique sum\u00e9rien-fran\u00e7ais : <strong>lamma, l\u00e0ma<\/strong> = a female spirit of good fortune; tutelary genius (<strong>lam<\/strong>, \u00ab faire cro\u00eetre de mani\u00e8re luxuriante \u00bb + <strong>a<\/strong> nominative suffix).<\/p>\n<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"color: #000000;\">Copyright reminder <\/span><\/h3>\n<p>As a reminder, please respect copyright, as these materials have been registered.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a9YVAR BREGEANT, Avril 2023 All rights reserved<\/p>\n<p>The French Intellectual Property Code prohibits copies or reproductions for collective use.<\/p>\n<p>Any representation or reproduction in whole or in part by any process whatsoever without the consent of the author or his successors is unlawful and constitutes an infringement punishable by articles L335-2 et seq. of the French Intellectual Property Code.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48673d5 e-flex e-con-boxed e-con e-parent\" data-id=\"48673d5\" data-element_type=\"container\" data-e-type=\"container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"e-con-inner\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Click here for the pdf version (french only) Note: Unlike the HTML text below, the PDF version will allow you to : visualize proto-Sumerian ideograms better visualize the numbering of Sumerian homophones transliterated from cuneiform (their numbering index is placed at the bottom right and in a small format) visualize hieroglyphs and not just their [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1169,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4072","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dictionary-of-symbols"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>The symbolism of the Auroch or Bison - Yvar Bregeant<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The auroch and the bison are symbols used in sacred mythological symbolic language. 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